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Table 3 Main results of the included studies

From: Effect of preoperative ultrasound mapping of the saphenous vein on leg wound complications after coronary artery bypass surgery: a systematic review

Author, date, journal, country

Study type (level of evidence)

Patient group

Key results

Temizkan et al. 2013, The Heart Surgery Forum, Turkey [12]

Retrospective cohort study (level 2b)

Total: 314 patients

+US group: 136

−US group: 178

Drainage of leg incision, mL (mean ± standard deviation)

+US: 2.9 ± 5.8

−US: 13.5 ± 11.3

(p = 0.001)

Complication of incision site, n (%)

+US: 3 (2.2%)

−US: 21 (11.8%)

(p = 0.002)

Zarepur et al. 2016, Electronic Physician, Iran [21]

Randomized controlled trial (level 1b)

Total: 100 patients

+US group: 50

−US group: 50

Wound infection, n (%)

+US: 3 (6%)

−US: 4 (8%)

(p = 1.000)

Edema, n (%)

+US: 6 (12%)

−US: 4 (8%)

(p = 0.741)

Hematoma, n (%)

+US: 1 (2%)

−US: 4 (8%)

(p = 1.000)

DVT, n (%)

+US: 1 (2%)

−US: 2 (4%)

(p = 1.000)

Length of incision, cm (mean ± standard deviation)

+US: 29.20 ± 3.71

−US: 28.98 ± 3.72 cm

(p = 0.768)

Aguirre et al. 2019, Heart, Lung and Circulation, Australia [6]

Prospective non-randomized cohort study (level 2b)

Total: 101 patients

+US group: 32

−US group: 69

Wound complications, n (%)

+US: 2 (6.2%)

−US: 16 (23.2%)

(p = 0.04)

Harvest time, min (mean [Lwr Cl-Upp Cl]

+US: 25 [20–30]

US: 40 [30–50]

(p = 0.001)

Patient satisfaction

+US: 96.9%

US: 91.2%

(p = 0.29)

Mobility affected by wound

+US: 3.1%

US: 19.1%

(p = 0.03)

Leg measurement, mean [Lwr Cl-Upp Cl]

+US: 0.5 [03]

US: 3.5 [0–6.6]

(p = 0.002)

Lopes et al. 2018, Braz J Cardiovasc Surg, Brazil [22]

Prospective cohort study (level 2b)

Total: 151 patients

+US group: 84

−US group: 67

Bilateral leg incision, n (%)

+US: 0 (0)

US: 6 (8.95%)

(p = 0.0067)

Wound complications day 1, n (%)

+US: 0 (0)

US: 3 (4.5%)

Wound complications within 30 days, n (%)

+US: 12 (14.8 %)

US: 21 (35 %)

(p = 0.008)

Luckraz et al. 2008, Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg, UK [20]

Randomized control trial (level 1b)

Total: 61 patients

+US group: 31

−US group: 30

Asepsis score, median [IQR]

+US: 10 [820]

US: 25 [10–26]

(p = 0.08)

Mean length of wound, cm (mean ± standard deviation)

+US: 16.8 ± 4.0

US: 24.1 ± 10.4

(p = 0.005)

Harvest time, min (mean ± standard deviation)

+US: 36 ± 13

US: 47 ± 17

(p = 0.04)

  1. Abbreviations: DVT deep vein thrombosis, US ultrasound mapping