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Table 1 Differences between Brazilian periareolar technique and new modification PAMI technique

From: A randomized controlled trial (PAMI trial) on our new trend periareolar minimally invasive (PAMI) technique versus inframammary approach for minimally invasive cardiac surgery

 

Brazilian technique

(Poffo et al.)

PAMI technique

Anesthesia

Double-lumen endotracheal cannula for selective pulmonary ventilation

Conventional endotracheal intubation

Size of areola

> 2.5 cm

Not important; if < 2.5 cm, extend incision medially

Incision

Lower edge of areola

Upper edge of areola

Chest entry

4th space

3rd space

Video-assisted

Yes

Yes

Placement of telescope

Separate port in the 4th right intercostal space anterior axillary line

Separate port in the 3rd intercostal space between mid and anterior axillary line or can passed through the same the thoracotomy incision (i.e., uniportal PAMI technique).

Arterial cannulation

Femoral

Femoral

Venous cannulation

Femoral

Femoral