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The Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Table 1 Comparison between the three groups according to demographic data, preoperative risk factors, and echocardiography

From: Cardioprotective effect of propofol in cardioplegia compared to systemic propofol in heart valves surgery; a randomized controlled trial

Demographic data

Group 1 (n = 50)

Group 2 (n = 50)

Group 3 (n = 50)

P- value

No. %

No.%

No.%

Sex

Male

28 (56%)

26 (52%)

35 (70%)

0.157

Female

22 (44%)

24 (48%)

15 (30%)

Age (years)

53.88 ± 9.60

50.52 ± 11.06

49.46 ± 9.09

0.071

Risk factors

 HTN

11 (22%)

9 (18.0%)

7 (14.0%)

0.582

 DM

6 (12%)

7 (14.0%)

6 (12.0%)

0.942

 NYHA

2

24 (48%)

14 (28%)

29 (58%)

0.645

3

26 (52%)

27 (54%)

21 (42%)

4

0 (0%)

9 (18%)

0 (0%)

Smoking

No

41 (82%)

40 (81%)

44 (88%)

0.548

Smoker

6 (12%)

4 (8.2%)

5 (10%)

Ex-smoker

3 (6%)

5 (10%)

1 (2%)

Euro Score

0

7 (14%)

3 (6%)

3 (6%)

0.627

1

30 (60%)

33 (66%)

35 (70%)

2

8 (16%)

7 (14%)

9 (18%)

3

5 (10%)

7 (14%)

3 (6%)

Mean ± SD

1.22 ± 0.82

1.36 ± 0.80

1.24 ± 0.66

AF

No

35 (70%)

36 (72%)

37 (74%)

0.906

Yes

15 (30%)

14 (28%)

13 (26%)

Echocardiography

Mitral Valve

 Normal

12 (24%)

5 (10%)

14 (28%)

0.416

 Mild stenosis

1 (2%)

0 (0%)

3 (6%)

 Moderate stenosis

3 (6%)

2 (4%)

2 (4%)

 Severe stenosis

13 (26%)

14 (28%)

12 (24%)

 Mild regurge

4 (8%)

3 (6%)

3 (6%)

 Moderate regurge

4 (8%)

5 (10%)

5 (10%)

 Severe regurge

13 (26%)

21 (42%)

11 (22%)

Aortic Valve

 Normal

21 (42%)

28 (56%)

14 (28%)

0.087

 Mild stenosis

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 Moderate stenosis

5 (10%)

1 (2%)

1 (2%)

 Severe stenosis

8 (16%)

5 (10%)

9 (18%)

 Mild regurge

4 (8%)

2 (4%)

4 (8%)

 Moderate regurge

5 (10%)

4 (8%)

4 (8%)

 Severe regurge

7 (14%)

10 (20%)

18 (36%)

Tricuspid Valve

 Normal

21 (42%)

18 (36%)

24 (48%)

0.639

 Mild regurge

6 (12%)

11 (22%)

6 (12%)

 Moderate regurge

15 (30%)

12 (24%)

10 (20%)

 Severe regurge

8 (16%)

9 (18%)

10 (20%)

LA Thrombus

 No

48 (96%)

48 (96%)

49 (98%)

1.000

 Yes

2 (4%)

2 (4%)

1 (2%)

 SPAP

24.64 ± 6.87

30.60 ± 14.58

28.90 ± 11.39

0.279

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD or frequency (percentage). HTN Hypertension, DM Diabetes Mellitus, NYHA New York Heart Association, AF Atrial fibrillation, LA Left Atrial, SPAP Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure
  2. Group 1: Patients with propofol in the cardioplegia, Group 2: Patients with propofol injection in the aortic line, Group 3 (control group): Patients without propofol in the cardioplegia or aortic line
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