Table 1 Clinical, investigation and diagnostic data of cases
S. No | Age/sex (years) | Preoperative symptoms | Primary location | CECT Scan –Thorax finding with mass dimensions | Additional investigation | Surgical incision/route | Resected specimen size/weight/en bloc piecemeal | Final histopathological diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F/12 | Atypical chest pain, dyspnoea | Mediastinum | Heterogeneous enhancing Mediastinal mass of size 21 × 12 × 8 cm encasing heart with a patchy area of fat attenuation (Fig. 1A and B) | MRI, TTE | MS | Encapsulated, lobulated mass of size 20 × 10 × 13 cm, 1660 g, en bloc (Fig. 1C and D) | Thymolipoma | |
F/51 | Severe respiratory distress with respiratory failure—emergency Intubation | Right hemithorax | Homogenous enhancing mass in right thoracic cavity of size 28 × 25 × 13 cm with complete collapse of right lung and severe compression of left lung, heart and gross mediastinal shift towards left side (Fig. 2A) | TTE | PLT | Encapsulated mass size 26 × 24 × 12 cm, 3600 g, en bloc (Fig. 2B–D) | SFTP | |
F/39 | Atypical chest pain, dyspnoea | Left Hemithorax | Homogenous enhancing mass in upper part of left thoracic cavity occupying nearly 2/3 of left hemithorax in the posterior mediastinum, approximate size 20 × 18 cm with partial collapse of the left lung. (Fig. 3A and B) | MRI, TTE | PLT | Encapsulated mass size 20 × 16 cm, 1100 g/en bloc (Fig. 3C) | Neurofibroma | |
F/26 | Atypical chest pain, dry cough | Mediastinum | Heterogeneous enhancing, solid cystic prevascular space mediastinal mass of size 16 × 14 × 9 cm with areas of fat and calcification attenuation with the collapse of the upper and middle lobes of the right lung | TTE | MS | Encapsulated, bosselated mass size 15 × 14 × 9 cm, 1250 g, areas of bone, hair, cartilage teeth/en bloc | GCT | |
M/23 | Atypical chest pain | Mediastinum | Heterogeneous enhancing, solid cystic anterior mediastinal mass of size 14 × 12 × 10 cm with areas of fat and calcification attenuation. with the collapse of the lower and middle lobes of the right lung (Fig. 4A) | TTE | MS | Partially encapsulated bosselated mass, size 14 × 13 × 9 cm, 1300 g, areas of bone, hair, cartilage teeth present/en bloc (Fig. 4B) | GCT ( mature cystic teratoma) | |
M/42 | Dyspnoea | Mediastinum | Homogenous enhancing, solid anterior mediastinal mass of size 14 × 12 × 10 cm with skip areas of fat attenuation with the collapse of the upper lobe of the right lung | TTE | MS | Encapsulated mass size 14 × 12 × 10 cm, 1000 g/en bloc | Thymoma | |
M/35 | Atypical chest pain, dyspnoea | Mediastinum | Homogenous enhancing, solid anterior mediastinal mass of size 18 × 15 × 12 cm with the collapse of the upper lobe of the right lung | TTE | MS | Encapsulated mass size 20 × 16 × 12 cm, 1650 g/en bloc | Thymoma | |
M/34 | Pain in the back region, dry cough | Right hemithorax | Homogenous enhancing mass in the upper part of right thoracic cavity occupying nearly 2/3 of right hemithorax in the posterior mediastinum, approximate size 20 × 18 × 10 cm with partial collapse of right lung | MRI, TTE | PLT | Encapsulated mass size 19 × 15 × 12 cm, 1400 g/en bloc | Neurofibroma | |
M/52 | Myasthenia gravis, dysphagia, dyspnoea | Mediastinum | Homogenous enhancing, solid anterior mediastinal mass of size 15 × 12 × 10 cm with skip areas of fat attenuation | MRI, TTE | MS | Encapsulated mass size 15 × 12 × 10 cm, 1200 g/en bloc | Thymoma | |
M/5 | Severe respiratory distress with urgent intubation while undergoing investigations | Right hemithorax | Heterogeneous enhancing solid cystic mass in the right thoracic cavity of size 18 × 20 × 10 cm with a complete collapse of the right lung with severe compression of the left lung, heart and gross mediastinal shift towards left side. (Fig. 5A–C) | CECT scan of brain and abdomen for Metastasis, TTE | Clam shell incision (Fig. 5D) | Excised in piecemeal/largest solid mass component of 19 × 16 × 12 cm/650 g (Fig. 5E) | Pleuro-pulmoblastoma- type II | |
F/35 | Atypical chest pain, cough | Left hemithorax | Homogenous enhancing mass in left thoracic cavity of size 13 × 12 × 9 cm with partial collapse of left lung and compression of left lower lobe of the lung | TTE | PLT | Encapsulated mass size 12 × 11 × 9 cm, 950 g/en bloc | SFTP |